A to Z : Most Dangerous Diseases

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A to Z : Most Dangerous Diseases:

• A for Asthma
  
• B for Bird flu
  
• C for Cancer
  
• D for Diabetes

Diabetes



Diabetes is a chronic hormonal disease, which causes high levels of sugar in the blood. It is a result of either the lack of insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas, or your body’s inability to respond to this hormone. High blood sugar levels caused by lack of this hormone is called type 1 diabetes. It is a genetic condition caused by faulty genes that make this chemical and affects mostly young adults and teenagers. When your blood sugar levels escalate due to the failure of response to this hormone, it is known as type 2 diabetes. It is a more common type of diabetes and is also known as ‘adult onset diabetes’. This condition is triggered mainly by lifestyle factors like an unhealthy diet, sedentary lifestyle and obesity. Today, type 2 diabetes is one of the most common ‘lifestyle diseases’ among people across the world. This is unfortunate because it can also increase your risk of conditions like heart diseases and hypertension.
Some of the common symptoms of diabetes are excessive hunger, frequent urination and increased thirst. While type 1 diabetes is difficult to manage, type 2 can be controlled by making simple changes in your daily routine.

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Cancer




According to The World Health Organization (WHO), breast cancer is the top-most cancer death among women. The estimates of this world body suggest that this cancer affects 2.1 million women every year, globally. WHO figured also reveal that in 2018 alone, the death toll of breast cancer was 62,700. This constitutes almost 15 per cent of cancer-induced deaths among the female population.
Breast cancer is a condition where breast cells divide and multiply uncontrollably due to mutation in certain genes. Generally, cancer forms in the milk-producing glands (lobules) of the breast or in the pathways (ducts)transporting the milk from glands to ******. Fatty or the fibrous connective tissues of the breast can also be the hotspot for cancerous cells. In some cases, cancer cells may travel to the lymph nodes under your arms and spread to different parts of the body.
There are different types and stages of breast cancer. Also, it can affect men, rarely though.

According to a study published in the Lancent oncology, around 6 – 7 lakh death were caused by cancer in the year 2012 and the cases are rising ever year. This is the reason, why every person has to be well aware of various symptoms and cause of different types of cancer. To help you out, common types of cancer are listed below –

• Oral cancer
• Breast cancer
• Thyroid cancer
• Cancers in children
• Lung cancer
• Prostate cancer
• Cervical cancer
• Ovarian cancer
• Skin cancer
• Bowel cancer
• Colorectal cancer
• Oesophageal cancer
• Uterine cancer

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Thyroid



Your thyroid gland, located at the front of the neck, performs a very important function—secreting two hormones, T3 and T4. They help in metabolism, the process through which your food gets converted to the energy that your body needs. This whole process is regulated by your pituitary gland located at the centre of the skull.

What is Thyroid Disorder?
In thyroid disorder, your thyroid gland is unable to produce the right amount of hormones. This leads to various complications like raising your heartbeat, unexplained weight loss or weight gain, nervousness, inability to endure cold temperatures, so on and so forth. Broadly speaking, there are two types of thyroid disorders: hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Various risk factors, starting from genetic predisposition to health conditions like diabetes can up your risk of these conditions.

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Bird flu



Bird flu also known as avian influenza is a disease that’s caused by viruses and affects birds and can be passed on to humans. Bird flu’s H5N1 strain has evolved such that it infects more species than any known strain and is constantly evolving. If a farm-raised bird gets affected it must be immediately culled to stop the virus from spreading.
It’s not particularly dangerous for humans yet. There are some researchers who believe that if this strain mutates and starts spreading between humans it could cause a large scale pandemic.

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Ebola virus




The on-going Ebola outbreak in the West African countries is so far the worst in the history of the deadly disease. The virus seems to have gripped the world’s interest due to its destructive potential, claiming nearly 7000 lives in Sierra Leone, Liberia and Guinea — worst-hit Ebola nations in West Africa. Although a few cases of Ebola have been reported from Australia, America and other nations of the world, no positive cases of Ebola virus in India have been reported till date. Read about how Ebola virus originated.

The WHO (World health Organization) has claimed that with proper sanitation measures and Ebola screening practices, it is possible to restrict the spread of Ebola virus. The Indian Government is leaving no stone unturned to restrict the entry of Ebola virus in India. The Government plans to tackle Ebola emergency include mock drills to evaluate preparedness of plans, setting up a control room and a helpline for Ebola information in national capital, installing Ebola screening centres at major airports and spreading awareness about the Ebola viral disease.

Ebola virus in India: India, being a nation harbouring a huge population, could easily facilitate the spread of the virus, once it enters the nation. Moreover, lack of proper healthcare facilities and lack of natural immunity against the virus can cause the disease to spread rapidly. Given that the virus mutates rapidly and has a high fatality rate, the virus should never gain entry into the country. In order to help you stay safe from this deadly disease, here are all your questions about the condition — answered.