Topic 55: FICO (And 6000 Real-time SAP Screen shots)

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FICO: Finance & Controlling.

We will have a look point of HR.

The Financial Accounting (FI) application component fulfills all the international requirements that must be met by the financial accounting department of an organization. All accounting-relevant transactions made in Logistics (LO) or Human Resources (HR) components are posted real-time to Financial Accounting by means of automatic account determination. This data can also be passed on to Controlling (CO).

Generally FICO Consultant will do the config but knowing the FICO part is advantage.

HR Consultant do only Integration of HR & FICO Called GL Accounts.

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Define Credit Control Area

In this step, you define your credit control areas. The credit control area is an organizational unit that specifies and checks a credit limit for customers.

Note: A credit control area can include one or more company codes. It is not possible to assign a company code to more than one control control area. Within a credit control area, the credit limits must be specified in the same currency.

Standard settings: The credit control area 0001 is defined in the SAP standard system.

Activities: Define your credit control areas.

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Go for New Entries if you want to create new.

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Or to modify the existing one go for Display.

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Here the it looks

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This is the Credit Control Area

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Currency for the Credit Control Area.

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Fiscal Year Variant of Credit Control Area

Specifies a fiscal year variant for a particular credit control area.
Use

On the basis of the posting date and the fiscal year variant, the system determines the relevant period and fiscal year. The fiscal year variant is necessary when a credit control area covers multiple company codes whose fiscal years are different and the value of open orders is updated by posting period.



Where to create we will see in next step.

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Save and assign your company code.

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Assign here using Drop down list (F4)

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Controlling
In this section you specify the assignments between company codes and controlling areas, as well as those between controlling areas and operating concerns.

Assign company code to controlling area
In this step you assign the company codes for which you want to carry out common cost controlling to a controlling area.

You may carry out cross-company-code cost accounting only by explicitly assigning the company codes to a controlling area.

Note
Before you can make the assignments, you must maintain basic data in the controlling area: the assignment control indicator, the chart of accounts, the fiscal year variant, and the currency settings. The assignment control indicator affects the other indicator settings.

Note that this controlling area basic data sets the indicators so that the desired company codes can be assigned.

When you use the CO module, you must maintain other basic data and control indicators for the controlling area. These settings are made in the Implementation Guide (IMG) for Controlling.

Requirements
You must complete the steps Create company code and Create controlling area.

Activities
1. Choose the appropriate controlling area.
2. Use the push****on "Detail" and maintain the basic data for the controlling area.
3. Choose "Assign company code(s)" to make the appropriate settings.

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Add your company code

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Go for new entries and add your company code

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Maintain Fiscal Year Variant

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Maintain Fiscal Year Variant (Maintain Shortened Fisc. Year)

You can define the following characteristics for a fiscal year variant:

• how many posting periods a fiscal year has

• how many special periods you need

• how the system is to determine the posting periods when posting

When defining your fiscal year, you have the following options:

• • Your fiscal year is the calendar year

In this case, you must only select the Calendar year field.

• • Your fiscal year is not the same as the calendar year and is not year-dependent

In this case, you first enter the number of your posting periods in the Number posting per. field. To define your posting periods, select your fiscal year variant and select Periods on the navigation screen. On this screen, enter the month and the day of the period end and the period in each case.

• • Your fiscal year is not the same as the calendar year and is year-dependent

Enter the number of your posting periods in the field Number posting periods and select the field Year-dependent. To define your posting periods, select your fiscal year variant and select Periods on the navigation screen. The system asks for which calendar year your year-dependent fiscal year variant is valid. You then enter the month and day of the period end for each of your periods, and the periods themselves.

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It is also possible to determine names for the periods of a non-year-specific fiscal year variant. To do so, select your fiscal year variant and choose Period texts on the navigation screen. You can specify a three-character abbreviation (Jan, Feb, Mar...) and a 20-character long text (January, February, March).

Standard settings
The following fiscal year variants have been created in the standard system:

• Variants in which the fiscal year is the same as the calendar and has up to four special periods
• Variants for shortened fiscal years. For more information on shortened fiscal years, see Defining shortened fiscal years.
• Variants for non-calendar fiscal years:
  • April to March with four special periods
  • July to June with four special periods
  • October to September with four special periods

• Variants that are set up on a weekly basis. These variants can only be used in the Special Purpose Ledger (FI-SL) application.

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Activities
1. Check the standard fiscal year variants.
2. Change the existing variants, if necessary, or create your own variants.

Defining shortened fiscal year
A shortened fiscal year is a fiscal year having less than twelve months, but for which year-end closing must be carried out. The definition of a shortened fiscal year is always year-dependent, since it represents a year-related exception. You must always define an entire calendar year when defining a fiscal year variant. The year-related fiscal year variant therefore contains not only the periods from the shortened fiscal year, but also other periods from the previous or subsequent fiscal year.

There are two ways to define a shortened fiscal year:

• If you only use Financial Accounting (FI) without Asset Accounting (FI-AA), you can begin a fiscal year with any period

Example
If your shortened year goes from January to September, you can assign periods 004 to 012. Assign periods 001 to 003 of the new fiscal year to the months October-December.
Specify the number of periods for the fiscal year variant (12 in the example above).

Note
Keep in mind that the last period of a fiscal year must correspond to the number of periods in that year. This means that if you want to define 12 periods, the last period in that year must be number 12.

• If you also implement the Asset Accounting (FI-AA) component or another component such as Materials Management (MM) or Controlling (CO), each fiscal year must begin with period number 001, to allow asset depreciation calculations to be carried out accurately.

For a fiscal year variant, specify the periods and the number of periods the shortened fiscal year has. This way, each fiscal year of the variant can begin with period 001.

Example
If you define a fiscal year with twelve periods, it can contain a shortened year with nine periods (from 001 to 009). The remaining calendar year contains the first three periods of the new fiscal year (periods 001 to 003).
For more information about implementing the Asset Accounting component, see the Asset Accounting documentation.

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Note
You define your shortened year and the following normal fiscal years under the same fiscal year variant. Bear in mind that you generally need to ensure that it is possible to post to previous fiscal years.

You need to keep the year-dependent fiscal year variant for as long as you are posting in or prior to a shortened fiscal year, or if you are transferring old data from this period. You cannot define year- independent fiscal year variants until the shortened fiscal year has been closed (from the accounting perspective), with no further adjustment postings expected.

Year-dependent definitions will be deleted as soon as you convert the fiscal year variants from year-dependent to year-independent.

Standard settings

Two shortened fiscal year variants are provided with the standard system: variant R1 for a Financial Accounting shortened year, and variant AM for shortened years when Asset Accounting is in use.

Activities
1. If you need to define a shortened fiscal year, first determine which of the two options above will be used.
2. Define the shortened fiscal year.
To define the shortened year for Asset Accounting, select Navigation -> Shortened fisc.yr.

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Number of posting periods

The fiscal year can be subdivided into up to 16 periods. These are divided into normal posting periods and special periods for closing purposes. This field contains the number of normal posting periods.



Number of special periods

Special periods represent an extension of the last normal posting period. When the posting date falls within the last normal posting period, then during document entry you can specify that the transaction figures be updated separately in one of the special periods.


In this case, you can select as many special periods as you have specified here.

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Indicator: Determine periods like calendar year ?

Indicator that the posting periods match the months of the calendar year.

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Assign Company Code to a Fiscal Year Variant
For every company code, you must specify which fiscal year variant is to be used.

Requirements
You have defined the relevant fiscal year variant. The variant does not contain more than 16 periods. For more information, see Maintain Fiscal Year Variant.

Standard settings
The standard company code is assigned to the fiscal year variant that corresponds to the calendar year and uses four additional special periods.

Activities
Assign a fiscal year variant to each company code.

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Use F4

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Define Variants for Open Posting Periods

In this activity, you can define variants for open posting periods.

Standard settings

In the standard setting, a separate variant for posting periods is defined for every company code. The name of this variant is identical to the company code name. Every company code is allocated to this variant with the same name. Thus nothing has changed in the system yet: Every company code has its own variant. If you want to and can continue working on this basis (for example, if you manage with only a few company codes), you do not have to make any changes in the configuration.

If however, you want to use identical variants in several company codes, you must change the default settings as described in the "Activities" section.

Activities

1. Change the name in one of the variants.
2. Allocate all company codes, for which you want to use identical variants for open posting periods, to this variant.
Detailed information on this can be found in the chapter "Allocate company code to variant".
3. Delete the variants no longer required.

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Assign Variants to Company Code
In this activity, you make the specification that is necessary to be able to work in several company codes with the same variant for open posting periods. For this reason, you assign the same variant key to the company codes you want to group together.

Activities
Assign the same variant to the corresponding company codes.

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Use F4

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Enter Global Parameters

In this activity, you can make various global specifications for the company code. In addition, you can look at the most important specifications of the company code at any time in the overview. This includes, among other things, the chart of accounts and the fiscal year variant.

Requirements
You have created the organizational unit "Company code" in the "Enterprise Structure" section of the Implementation Guide. For further information see "Create company code".

Standard settings
For the standard company code 0001, the global parameters for Germany have already been set, such as, for example, the payment methods, the tax calculation procedures and the chart of accounts most frequently used in Germany.

If you need a company code for a different country and the corresponding legal requirements, you must first of all run the country installation program in client 001. The country which you need is then entered as the country of company code 0001 and all the country-specific parameters associated with it are also converted to this country. Read the chapter "Set up client" within your Customizing project.

Activities
You can look at the most important specifications. You make these specifications later from other activities.

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To Continue...And 6000 real-time Screen shots CLICK @ Topic 56: Posting to Finance Accounting

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